Before the introduction of the smart grid plan, the horn of the competition has actually blown. At a time when the giants are plotting this trillion-dollar “big cake”, the more ambitious “big brother” is the local government. In May, Shanghai, Jiangsu and other places have announced high-profile local smart grid plans, all of which occurred before China’s smart grid technology standards were officially announced.
GDP growth “hormone”
Wu Jiandong, chief energy expert of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the next five years, the construction of smart grid will drive GDP by one percentage point every year. The power grid may also carry out broadband, television, communication and other services, which will be a larger industrial space than 3G business.
As part of the economic stimulus plan, many countries in Europe and the United States have announced their smart grid plans when the international financial crisis spread. The State Grid also determined the development plan and overall investment of the smart grid in July last year.
From 2009 to 2011, the planning pilot phase will focus on completing the overall planning of a strong smart grid, conducting key, basic, and shared technology research, and conducting technology and application pilots; from 2012 to 2015, the comprehensive construction phase will accelerate the UHV grid and The construction of urban and rural distribution networks has initially formed a smart grid operation control and interactive service system; from 2016 to 2020, it is a leading stage of upgrading, and a unified “strong smart grid” has been built.
Corresponding to the development plan, the investment plan has also been determined, that is, by 2020, the total investment scale of the smart grid is close to 4 trillion yuan. Specifically, the investment for this year and next year is about 550 billion yuan, of which the investment in UHV power grid is 83 billion yuan; the investment in the comprehensive construction phase is about 2 trillion yuan, of which 300 billion yuan is invested in UHV power grid; 1.7 trillion yuan is invested in the basic construction phase. Among them, UHV invested 250 billion yuan.
Although the smart grid is still in the “concept” stage, the cruel market competition has actually begun, and the smart meter market is the first “prey” for many parties.
In his “China Smart Interactive Grid Development Strategy Report”, Wu Jiandong predicted that from 2009, smart meters will have a demand of 30 million to 50 million units, and it is expected to reach 240 million smart meters in the next five years.
The reorganization of the electric meter industry has been kicked off. In February, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission approved the acquisition of the State Grid Corporation of China’s leading electrical equipment company Xu Ji Group and Peace High Group. Prior to this, Aerospace Science and Technology also acquired the watch manufacturer Terry. Huawei, the communications giant, is eager to enter the smart meter market by investing in the space of Aerospace. “We are talking with many companies, and it is still only intention.” Zhang Yi, Deputy Director of Investment, Huawei Enterprise Development Department told reporters.
Local government “runs away”
Compared to high-profile companies entering the smart grid market, local governments are not reserved at all. On May 12, Shanghai issued the “Shanghai Advanced Smart Grid Industry Development Action Plan (2010-2012)” (hereinafter referred to as the “Program”), which is China’s first local version of the smart grid development program.
According to the plan, Shanghai has locked five key development directions, namely new energy access and control, power electronics applications and core devices; intelligent substation systems and smart devices; power storage; smart distribution network and intelligent user terminals; Wait. Its overall goal is to build the first three bases of smart grids in China, namely the smart grid function demonstration application base, the smart grid key technology research and development base, and the power grid core equipment industry base.
According to the plan, by 2012, Shanghai will strive to cultivate 3 to 5 leading enterprises in the smart grid industry and form a competitive smart grid industry cluster with an industry scale of 50 billion yuan.
Prior to this, Jiangsu announced the “Special Plan for the Development of Smart Grid Industry in Jiangsu Province (2009-2012)”, which clearly adheres to the development of smart grid industry driven by smart grid construction, and promotes the development of smart grid construction with the development of smart grid industry. The idea, as well as the total output value of the smart grid industry in 2012 and 2015 exceeded the target of 150 billion yuan and 300 billion yuan respectively. In the first-level government of the prefecture and city, on May 7, a new plan for the development of electric industry in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province was introduced. The city plans to build an “International Electric City” for two years, with an output value of 100 billion yuan. Previously, Pingdingshan City of Henan Province announced the blueprint for the construction of “Zhongyuan Electric City”. Yangzhong City, Jiangsu Province also put forward the specific goal of building a “100 billion-level smart grid industry base”.
When the reporter interviewed a professional in the power industry, he said with anxiety that the current concept of smart grid, especially the standard, is still very vague, and the behavior of local governments seems sloppy.
Technical standard “provision”
At the May 19th Aerospace Science and Technology Smart Grid Major Project Demonstration Review Meeting, the reporter saw Bai Xiaomin, the general manager of the State Grid Corporation’s smart grid technical standards system. Bai Xiaomin said that all departments of the smart grid are actively promoting standard construction, and some have become enterprise standards, and are expected to be completed in 2010.
Previously, Bai had revealed to the outside world that China has already started the smart grid pilot project in full swing. The 16 projects of the second batch of the State Grid are under development and new projects will be added.
In 2000, Academician Lu Qiang of Tsinghua University proposed the concept of digital power system. In 2003, Academician Zhou Xiaoxin of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power proposed to use distributed computing to simulate the entire grid in real time.
However, to date, there is no standard for the exact definition of smart grids and how to measure the degree of intelligence of the grid. And countries’ visions for the future of smart grids are also different. The concept of the US Smart Grid aims to build a safe, self-healing grid that integrates advanced communications, computing, and electronic technologies to meet future power needs. The European definition of smart grids focuses on the integrated large-scale use of distributed energy systems and renewable energy. After the Obama administration proposed a new energy strategy, the United States also put the cleanliness of the smart grid to the top.
Recently, Shuai Junqing, chairman of State Grid East China Power Grid Co., Ltd. said that the characteristics of China’s development of smart grids are different from those of Europe and the United States. Its unique challenge is to ensure the “clean, safe, self-healing, economical and interactive” operation of the transmission network of large-scale, ultra-high voltage and extra-large transmission capacity. Bai Xiaomin appealed that although there is a working group within the State Grid, there is no standardization organization at the national level, and it is hoped that a working group composed of joint users, power companies and manufacturers will be formed as soon as possible to coordinate relevant work.
Chinese and foreign companies “grab food”
In the face of astronomical grid investment plans announced by countries, any aspiring company does not want to miss the “feast” of the smart grid.
An expert from the China Electric Power Research Institute told reporters that “a few days ago, Japanese companies have already come to the door, and we must inform them of the news about the smart grid.”
The Americans started earlier. In July last year, US Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke and Minister of Energy Zhu Yiwen visited the State Grid in detail to learn more about the achievements of the State Grid Corporation in UHV research and engineering construction, and with the general manager of State Grid Corporation Liu Zhenya on UHV, cleaning Energy and smart grid issues are being discussed to discuss US-China cooperation opportunities in clean energy.
Although the US and Japan have already smashed the smart grid market in China, so far, the technical standards system and planning of China’s smart grid have not yet appeared, which makes the smart grid attractive.
Traditional power manufacturers have long been gearing up. For example, GE, Siemens and ABB have all tried to introduce modern control systems and intelligent substation and energy storage equipment in the power grid. The world’s IT giant Google has continued their style in the information field. As early as 2008, it announced that it has joined forces with GE to enter the smart grid industry.
And more and more Chinese companies are also looking at this single “future world” business. “Our goal is to rebuild a ZTE in the power industry. It is expected to become a smart grid industry group with a scale of over 10 billion in a decade.” Xie Weiliang, general manager of Aerospace Science and Technology, told reporters. Xie also revealed to reporters that the smart grid is one of the three major military-civilian integration projects identified by the Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation. It is necessary to seize the smart grid trillions of business opportunities.
The above-mentioned State Grid personnel also revealed to reporters that the qualifications of the smart grid bidding project will be formulated by the State Electricity Regulatory Commission. The bidding transaction standards will be formulated by the relevant government departments. The bidding process will be supervised by the government and there will be Three parties involved.
“The direction of industry integration is right. The power industry is a capital-intensive, technology-intensive, labor-intensive enterprise. This industry requires more people, more money, and higher technical components. Currently, the scale of equipment manufacturing is relatively small, and it is hoped that integration will be achieved. Can produce some large enterprises, improve the competitiveness of finishing,” said the national grid staff.
In July 2009, the smart grid project construction route determined at the State Grid Mid-Year Work Conference was: The smart grid was divided into three phases, from 2009 to 2010, the standard formulation period and the planning period, from 2010 to 2015. The key technology development and pilot phase, from 2015 to 2020, is a stage of comprehensive promotion until completion.
“The specific investment time for equipment investment in the true sense should be 6 years later, but now is a good time for enterprise layout with long-term planning and strategic vision.” Those close to the top of the national grid said that many companies have begun to advance. action.
According to the source, the smart grid construction will consist of eight links, which will be built in phases, including new energy access technologies, power dispatching, large-scale resource allocation, etc., which may include transportation and buildings in the future. Intelligent facilities for systems such as information.
“At present, domestic technology in the research and development of power equipment, specific refinement to a certain equipment, there is no problem in technology, and now the key to research and development is how to coordinate the unified configuration of the entire intelligent system.”
“In the future, only the power equipment manufacturers with core competitiveness will be scented in the bidding. From now on, the capable and visionary enterprises will start to deploy and invest in the future market.” The above-mentioned close to the national grid said .
Interpretation of Smart Grid “Double Planning”
Wen Jiang, deputy director of the State Grid Corporation’s Smart Grid Department, State Grid Corporation of China announced on June 29th the smart grid “Smart Grid Key Equipment (System) Development Plan” and “Smart Grid Technology Standard System Plan”, two plans It is an important plan for the State Grid Corporation to carry out the entire smart grid planning.
Key equipment planning
The Smart Grid’s “Smart Grid Key Equipment (System) Development Plan” is one of the sub-plans of the “State Grid Intelligent Planning”, which mainly includes the status analysis of key equipment, development of technical routes, development content and objectives.
In the planning, the State Grid Corporation first conducted an analysis of the status quo of key equipment. China has already had better conditions for building smart grid equipment. For example, existing equipment basically meets the conventional needs of power grid construction and development; some of these equipments have already Attained or at the international advanced level, for example, in the secondary control of the power grid, especially in UHV AC and UHV DC, China has always been the leader in the world; and then China has the basis for intelligent development.
However, there are still some gaps in the requirements for building a smart grid. First of all, most of the key equipment can not meet the requirements of intelligent grid informationization, automation and interaction; secondly, the technical standards of smart equipment are not uniform, the interchangeability is poor, and the technical performance needs to be improved; the core technology of some key equipments is still not fully grasped. For example, China’s core equipment switch in the secondary control part of digital substation is still in the import stage.
From the perspective of the development of key equipment, the key equipment does not refer to all transmission and distribution equipment, but refers to the equipment with “informatization, automation, and interaction”, which can significantly improve the intelligent level of the grid. At present, from the development of key equipment, it can be divided into three categories, namely, existing equipment, research equipment and equipment to be researched.
State Grid Corporation proposes different development ideas for different types. For existing key equipment, it focuses on improving equipment performance, expanding product categories, improving industrial capabilities, and increasing promotion and application.
For the equipment being developed, the working philosophy of the State Grid Corporation is to clarify the target focus, speed up the development process, strengthen the demonstration application, and form the production capacity. In the research equipment, it is necessary to highlight the substation intelligent equipment research and development. Now many transformer manufacturers, switch manufacturers and transformer manufacturers in the electrical industry are cooperating with the State Grid Corporation to develop intelligent equipment for intelligent substation, especially in the switch. And transformers are now being developed. In the research equipment, clear target points are set. For example, in the intelligentization of switches and transformers, it mainly refers to clear work priorities. Those tests do require external detection. How to distinguish 500,000 kW transformers and 110,000 kW transformers? Where is the focus, this is the first thing to be clear. State Grid Corporation’s intelligent substation now has 74. In the second half of this year, equipment bidding will be basically completed. These equipments, especially switchgear and mutual-sensing equipment, must have intelligent requirements, which requires enhanced demonstration applications.
For the equipment to be developed, State Grid Corporation focuses on tracking development trends, strengthening technical research, adhering to independent innovation, and improving overall strength.
On the basis of the planning stage, State Grid Corporation has divided the development of key equipment into seven majors: power generation, transmission, substation, power distribution, power consumption, dispatching and information communication. Each major includes several technical fields, a total of 28 technologies. Field, 137 key equipment. This plan explains the development level of 137 key equipments at home and abroad, the future requirements of smart grids, the technical standards of equipment and the technical requirements for key equipment.
From the perspective of power generation, it can be divided into three types of key equipment: conventional energy generation, renewable energy generation and large-scale energy storage. For example, in the field of renewable energy, what we usually call the overcapacity of wind power is actually the overcapacity of wind turbines. However, the key equipment that really affects the development of wind power in China is still not relevant. The prediction of wind power generation, the connection between wind power and the power grid are all closed. The development of energy storage is slower, and energy storage will be an industry that can really drive an industry development in the next stage. At present, a new energy power generation monitoring system has been successfully developed, and a 50kW vertical axis wind turbine has been successfully developed. The wind and light storage intelligent coordinated control system is being organized.
From the perspective of power transmission, the development plan can be divided into four areas: detection device, detection system, flexible AC transmission, and flexible DC transmission. The professional completed the development of key equipment prototypes for flexible DC transmission systems, developed FACTS devices such as 500kW fault current limiters, and is currently developing the state monitoring system for power transmission and transformation equipment.
From the substation specialty, the key equipment development plan is divided into three areas: process layer equipment, station control layer equipment, and auxiliary support equipment. The substation is mainly intelligent substation, which is divided into transformers, transformers, switches and so on. In this profession, electronic transformers, industrial Ethernet switches and other equipment have been successfully developed, and power transformers, switchgears, etc. are undergoing intelligent research.
From the power distribution profession, intelligent power distribution equipment, distribution automation, distributed power supply, distribution automation and distributed power access are the focus of equipment development. The key equipment such as photovoltaic grid-connected inverter and micro-grid operation controller was successfully developed, and the power intelligent monitoring system was successfully developed and put into operation.
In terms of power consumption, the major is divided into six areas, namely, electricity information collection, intelligent power service, user-side distributed power supply, charging and discharging facilities, two-way interactive services, and intelligent measurement equipment. A large part of the smart grid in China is electricity. The electricity information collection system designed here covers smart meters, and foreign development is relatively advanced. There are many smart power applications, including “triple play”, power installation, and so on, as well as distributed power and charging and discharging equipment for electric vehicles.
Communication information is divided into three areas: backbone transmission network, distribution communication network, and communication support network. Information communication, including lighting, will support the development of smart grids in the future.
Seize the international technical standards of smart grid
In terms of smart grid technical standards, domestic and foreign organizations are currently conducting standard research. The IEC organization established the “Smart Grid Working Group (SG3)” to lead the research on smart grid standards. NIST released the “Smart Grid Interoperability Framework and Roadmap”. In addition, the IEEE also established the P2030 working group to focus on the preparation of IEEEP2030. The draft standard, the European Organization for Standardization (CEN) established a working group to actively promote the research on smart grid standards, and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan established the Smart Grid Standardization Strategy Working Group.
The research field of smart grid standards in China has also started in 2009. In 2009, the State Grid Corporation launched the research on the smart grid technology standard system and set up an expert working group to carry out the work. Based on the needs of the smart grid, the working group completed the “State Grid Smart Grid” based on 8 professional branches, combing the existing 779 international standards (Table 1) and 772 domestic standards (Table 2). Technical Standard System Planning, and determined the planning and deployment of the three-step standard system planning.
The above-mentioned technical standards of the State Grid Corporation are corporate standards, which cannot replace national standards and cannot replace industry standards. This is a programmatic guide for corporate standards. Under the guidance of the relevant state ministries and commissions, the State Grid Corporation will accelerate the preparation of smart grid enterprise standards based on these enterprise standards, and actively participate in the formulation of industry standards and national standards, and carry out the internationalization of smart grid standards. Now the State Grid is doing enterprise standards. When national standards and industry standards have not yet come out, we must first desperately strive to become an international standard. The previous standard procedures are the first enterprise standard, the post industry standard, and then the national standard. See if you can become an international standard. Now we must have such an idea in the smart grid, that is, in the absence of national standards, industry standards, and even enterprise standards, preemptively seize international standards.
In fact, there are no national standards in other countries. The international multinational companies such as ABB and Siemens are mostly involved in the smart grid. They are more preempting the standards of the smart grid. Once some standards are seized by these companies, they will invest a lot. The funds are used for research and development, and the model of China’s first research and development, post-application, and standard-setting is completely different. Therefore, the State Grid Corporation first takes the enterprise standard as the foothold, actively supports the development of national standards and industry standards, and also seizes international standards. .
From the perspective of the standard system, the State Grid Corporation’s smart grid technology standard system consists of eight professional branches, each of which is divided into several technical fields, a total of 26 technical fields, each of which covers several standards. The series consists of 92 standard series, each of which has several specific standards and is divided into 5 levels.
From the current progress of the standard system planning, the “Technical Regulations for Wind Farms Connecting to Power Grids” has been released as an enterprise standard for intelligent power generation, and the “Technical Regulations for Connecting PV Power Plants to Power Grids” has been applied for release; in terms of intelligent power transmission, “overhead transmission” The general technical conditions of the line online detection system has been issued as the company’s enterprise standard, and the six standards such as the “Technical Guidelines for the Online Monitoring System of Power Transmission and Transformation Equipment” will be completed in 2010; in terms of intelligent power transformation, the “Technical Specification for Intelligent Transformation of Substation” It has been released as an enterprise standard; from the perspective of intelligent power consumption, the first 12 technical standards related to “smart energy meter” and 24 technical standards related to “electricity information collection system” have been released as enterprise standards, in addition to electric The five standards related to automobiles have been released as corporate standards.
At the same time that the grid company formulated the standard system, the State Grid Corporation selected some of the technical standards that are closely related to the smart grid construction, systematic, and extensive, and relatively important, based on the relationship and importance of the smart grid. 22 core standards recommended by the batch.
